LEAD PEROXIDE
Lead dioxide
CAS: 1309-60-0
Molecular Formula: O2Pb
LEAD PEROXIDE - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Lead dioxide |
| Synonyms | C.I. 77580 LEAD DIOXIDE Lead dioxide Plumbic acid LEAD PEROXID Lead peroxide LEAD PEROXIDE dioxoplumbane LEAD(+4)OXIDE LEAD OXIDE, DI Lead oxide,brown LEAD OXIDE, BROWN LEAD (SU)PEROXIDE |
| CAS | 1309-60-0 |
| EINECS | 215-174-5 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2O.Pb/rO2Pb/c1-3-2 |
LEAD PEROXIDE - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | O2Pb |
| Molar Mass | 239.2 |
| Density | 9,38 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 290 °C |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble |
| Appearance | Powder |
| Specific Gravity | 9.38 |
| Color | Brown to black |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.05 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.050 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,5407 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Properties dark brown micro-crystalline heavy powder. melting point 290 ℃ relative density 9.375 solubility: soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, slightly soluble in acetic acid, insoluble in water and alcohol. |
| Use | Used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and synthetic rubber. It is also used in the manufacture of perchlorate and high voltage lightning arresters. It is used as a vulcanizing agent for a vulcanized rubber such as a solvent-resistant Polysulfide rubber. Lead dioxide electrode is a good anode material, which can replace the platinum anode. |
LEAD PEROXIDE - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R8 - Contact with combustible material may cause fire R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R33 - Danger of cumulative effects R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 1872 5.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OG0700000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28249090 |
| Hazard Class | 5.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 i.p. in guinea pigs: 220 mg/kg (Venugopal, Luckey) |
LEAD PEROXIDE - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
dark brown amorphous powder. d 9. 38. Soluble in glacial acetic acid, soluble in hydrochloric acid release chlorine, soluble in dilute nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, oxalic acid, reducing agent, insoluble in water. See the Light decomposition of lead oxide and oxygen. It is Oxidative. There is a risk of combustion and explosion when contacted or mixed with organic substances, reducing agents, and combustible substances such as sulfur and phosphorus. By the decomposition of high heat release toxic gas, first of all become Pb3 04. Higher temperature for PBO.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
LEAD PEROXIDE - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
Lead acetate was dissolved in water, a concentrated solution of anhydrous sodium carbonate in water was added, and chlorine gas was bubbled until it appeared dark brown. The mixture was heated on a water bath, then poured into a beaker and allowed to stand. The clear liquid was taken and suction-filtered. The precipitate was then washed with water until C1 was removed. After drying at 100 °c, lead dioxide was obtained.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
LEAD PEROXIDE - Application
Open Data Verified Data
used as an analytical reagent, an oxidizing agent, and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
LEAD PEROXIDE - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
guinea pigs were injected intraperitoneally with LDso:200mg/kg. The substance can damage the blood, nerves, digestive system and kidneys. Staff should be protected. If the skin and eyes are touched, they should be immediately rinsed with flowing water. Store in a cool, dry and ventilated place. Keep away from fire and heat source. Protection from direct sunlight. Protected from light. Should be stored separately from flammable, combustible materials, reducing agents, sulfur, phosphorus, etc.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
LEAD PEROXIDE - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | Lead dioxide is also known as Brown lead oxide. Chemical formula PbO2, formula amount 239.19, brown fine powder. Density 9.375g/cm3, difficult to dissolve in water and ethanol. By heating the lead dioxide, it is gradually converted to a low oxidation state oxide of lead and oxygen is evolved. Lead dioxide amphoteric oxide, acidic than alkaline. Lead Acid salt is generated by coheating with strong alkali. Strong> oxidation. Lead sulfate, oxygen, and water are generated by coheating with sulfuric acid. Lead dichloride, chlorine and water are generated by co-heating with hydrochloric acid. With sulfur, phosphorus and other combustible mixture and grinding cause ignition. |
| Application | used as analytical reagent, oxidant, mordant, battery electrode, also used for making matches, dyes, etc. Lead dioxide can be obtained by oxidation of lead monoxide with molten potassium chlorate or nitrate, or by oxidation of lead sulfite with sodium hypochlorite. Lead dioxide has good electrical conductivity similar to metal, (specific resistance 4~5 × 10-5 Ω · cm), good chemical stability (resistant to corrosion of most strong acids and oxidants), high hardness, wear resistance, the advantages of light weight and low cost are widely used as anode materials in electrochemical industry. |
| preparation | preparation of nano-sized lead dioxide powder: Take 100g of waste lead paste, add 20g of sodium carbonate, 1g of sodium bicarbonate and 300g of water In a complex desulfurizer solution (lead paste: sodium carbonate: sodium bicarbonate: solvent water = 1:0.2:0.01: 3), the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4H. When the reaction completion time was reached, the reaction was filtered and separated to obtain a desulfurized lead paste. The filtrate was crystallized at 60 ° C. To precipitate sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate by-products, and was stored as a desulfurizing agent raw material for use later. The filtrate was collected and reused as a composite desulfurizing agent solution. The desulfurization rate of the obtained Post-desulfurization lead paste was analyzed and found to be 95.33%. Take 10g of acetic acid solution with mass concentration of 10% (the mass ratio of raw material actual lead paste: Acetic acid solution is 1:0.1), 30% G of hydrogen peroxide with a mass concentration of (mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to waste lead paste is 10:1) was added to prepare an acidic mixed solution containing hydrogen peroxide. The lead paste after desulfurization was added into the mixed solution containing acidic hydrogen peroxide, and reacted for 2H. After reaching the end point of the reaction, the soluble lead acetate solution was obtained by filtration and separation. To the soluble lead acetate solution, 5.0% g of sodium hypochlorite solution was added (the mass ratio of actual lead paste raw material to oxidation agent solution was 1:10), at the same time, 10g of sodium hydroxide solid and 0.1g of surfactant ten sodium dialkylbenzene sulfonate were added. After reacting for 2H at room temperature, 15g of 10% acetic acid solution was added to adjust pH, and the product lead dioxide was obtained by filtration and drying. |
| toxicity | see lead monoxide. |
| purpose | is mainly used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and synthetic rubber. And can be used to produce lead dioxide anode instead of platinum anode. used as organic elemental analysis reagent, chromatographic analysis reagent, oxidant used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and synthetic rubber. It is also used in the manufacture of perchlorate and high voltage lightning arresters. It is used as a vulcanizing agent for a vulcanized rubber such as a solvent-resistant Polysulfide rubber. Lead dioxide electrode is a good anode material, which can replace the platinum anode. used as oxidant, electrode, storage battery, analytical reagent, match, etc. |
| production method | three kinds of water solution method, electrolysis method and oxidation method. The hydrolysis method is prepared by hydrolysis of a tetravalent lead salt. The electrolysis method is prepared by electrolysis of a lead salt solution. Oxidation is made by oxidation of lead salts or lead with strong oxidants such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide. |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50: 220 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | thermal decomposition of toxic lead vapor; And reducing agent, organic matter, sulfur, phosphorus Isocratic |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation low temperature sunscreen; Light light discharge; With organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus combustible, separate storage of food raw materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | water mist, sand, carbon dioxide |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.15 mg (lead)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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